The battery pack and inverter of a UPS are the two major components of a UPS system that work together to provide a reliable power supply.
Battery pack:
The battery pack of a UPS usually consists of a series of battery cells connected in series or parallel. These battery cells are usually sealed lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, or lithium-ion batteries. The battery pack is automatically charged when it is normally supplied by the grid to ensure that the battery is fully charged.
When the power supply from the grid is interrupted, the battery pack immediately takes over to provide power to the UPS system. The battery pack converts stored direct current power into AC power for the load of the UPS system. The battery pack can provide backup power for a certain amount of time, depending on the capacity of the battery pack and the power demand of the connected load.
Battery packs also play an important role in UPS systems to smooth transient currents and provide power stability during power conversion. Meanwhile, when grid power is restored, the battery pack is recharged to prepare for the next power outage.
Inverter:
The inverter is another key component in the UPS system, which converts direct current energy from the battery pack to AC power to feed the load connected to the UPS. The inverter converts the direct current energy of the battery pack into AC power with the same frequency and voltage as the grid.
When the power supply from the grid is normal, the inverter is in standby mode and does not perform conversion operation, but directly transmits the power to the load. When the power supply from the grid is interrupted, the inverter will immediately start to work, converting the direct current energy of the battery pack into AC power, and providing it to the load through the output port.
The inverter is also responsible for monitoring the voltage and status of the battery pack to ensure that the UPS system can issue an alarm or take appropriate action in the event of low battery power or other abnormal conditions.
By working together with battery packs and inverters, UPS systems are able to provide stable backup power in the event of grid supply interruptions or voltage anomalies to protect critical equipment from power failures.